How to calculate total return
Leave income at zero to get the price-only return. Add a holding period to convert the result into an annual rate.
Worked example
- A position grows from $16,556.66 to $23,739.17 with no income.
- Total return = (23,739.17 − 16,556.66) ÷ 16,556.66 × 100 = 43.38%.
- If it also paid $300 in dividends, the total return rises by 300 ÷ 16,556.66 ≈ 1.81 percentage points.
How to interpret total return
Total return is the honest headline number — price-only figures understate income-producing assets and overstate assets with funding costs. But it ignores time: 40% over one year and 40% over ten years are very different results. Use the CAGR calculator to compare periods of different length.
Limitations and common mistakes
- Deposits and withdrawals are not returns — remove them before calculating, or measure each sub-period separately.
- Include trading costs and taxes if you want the return you actually kept.